Discovery of New SuperNovae

Jeffrey Cooke, an astrophysicist of Swinburne University of Technology Australia has discovered two different supernovas secluded universe which are around 10-100 times luminous as compare to the other supernovas of their type. According to Jeffrey the significance of these supernovas is that they are the most distant supernovas which have been discovered yet. Light of the discovered supernovas have been studied it is revealed that this light carrier great information about the early life of the universe. As the matter of the fact origin of these brighter supernovas could not be understood very well. On the other hand, it is being considered as a smaller subset of the huge stars (150-250 times bigger than our sun) as they keep on undergoing explosions because of certain nuclear reactions.

This process is a bit different from other similar types of supernovas. According to statement by the Research Department of Swinburne University, they expect these kinds of events to be occurred more repeatedly in the early age of universe and it was the time when massive and huge stars were more common. So one may ask that what is the point of motivation and attraction to research about these newly founded supernovas. There are two main factors which could draw attention of Jeffrey Cooke to study the mentioned supernovas: Tremendous brightness and expectations for great frequency. These are the two major aspects which encouraged the Jeffrey and his fellow researchers to find more facts figures about the most luminous supernovas.

These supernovas are greater than 2 at redshifts and there correspondence of over ten billion years before when the age of this universe was even less than ¼ 0f its current age.

Cooke explained in his statement that they are using a very novel image focus stacking technique (a process of digital imaging in which multiple photos are combined together) through which they are monitoring thousands of newborn galaxies. He also said that they are trying to target the galaxies which forming new stars very rapidly. He expressed that the rapid growth of stars from galaxies increase their chances to discover more supernovas. The researches have broken the record of redshift 2.36 for Supernova as they have discovered supernovae at 2.05 as well as 3.90 redshifts. They used a huge Keck Telescope to find out these supernovas in Hawaii. The search for the more supernovas is still on going through the bulky volume of early universe.

Resemblance of Martian Soil with Soil of Hawaii

Curiosity has been continued by NASA regarding the soil of Red Planet. They could get results of analysis of soil samples taken from the surface of Mars. They have found similarities among the soil of Mars and the soil of Hawaii.

They have found that composition of minerals which are the essential part of the Martian soil is very comparable with the weather-beaten basaltic soil of Hawaii which might be the result of some volcanic activity. NASA has used its Curiosity Rover for Mars to dig up the soil for Mars and its instruments of Mineralogy as well as Chemistry have been utilized for the analysis of sample soil. Scientists are trying to get help from the process of analysis through which they can confirm composition of minerals found in the dust or the soil which are the basic features of landscape of the Mars.

NASA had some earlier conclusions regarding the mineralogy of the soil taken from Mars. Their quantifiable results offer very refined analysis and identifications. These analyses have been carried out through X-Ray diffraction for the soil of Mars. Major purpose of the Curiosity Mission for the Mars is to find out the history of environment on Mars. CheMin of NASA plays very important role to analyze the mineralogy of the Martian Soil as it is capable to reveal the conditions of environment which can become the main reason for the formation of minerals. As you know that simple chemical analysis of soil or a rock can help to recognize its composition but you have to be careful while extracting the results. When you look into the composition of diamond as well as graphite, you know that both are made up of same element naturally which is carbon. So both are same chemically but their physical features are very different from each other.

NASA is using analytical procedures of wet Chemistry to find out the facts about the Martian Soil. They are utilizing the X-Ray diffraction which is actually utilized in the laboratories of Geology. Remember these methodologies are designed to bring up the most précised identification of minerals. When they use the X Ray diffraction method, these rays read the structure of minerals and then they analyze them by studying the interaction of crystals with X Rays. Hence NASA’s Curiosity is expected to keep working to study further the atmosphere of Mars. So keep looking for more updates from NASA.